![]() A large number of genes that regulate the pathogenicity, development, and survival of EGD-e strain have already been characterized by researchers and annotated in the published genome sequence. monocytogenes genome has been predicted to contain a sum of 2,853 genes that code for proteins. The EGD-e strain has a circular chromosome consisting of 2,944,528 bp with an estimated 39% of G + C content. monocytogenes EGD-e (serovar 1/2a) is responsible for various listeriosis outbreaks. On the other hand, lineage II comprises serotypes 1/2a, 1/2c, 3a, and 3c. monocytogenes isolates are from lineage I, including serotypes 1/2b, 3b, and 4b. monocytogenes could be divided into four evolutionary lineages and four serogroups based on polymerase chain reaction testing in the two genes of hlyA and iap. monocytogenes strains have already been sequenced to have a deeper understanding of the species' lifestyle and pathogenicity, as well as the possible impact of strain variability on virulence. Because of the clinical significance of listeriosis, several genomes of L. monocytogenes can invade and persist in mammalian host cells due to presence of multiple virulence factors. After successfully evading the GI tract environment, L. monotocytogenes can also be detectable in the bloodstream during an infection. monocytogenes to traverse host barriers (such as the intestinal barrier, and the materno-fetal barrier), is responsible for causing listeriosis. There is compelling evidence that contaminated food, mostly ready-to-eat meals, is the main route of transmission of this bacterium into humans. monocytogenes has been found in irrigation waters and agricultural soils, and can spread to agronomical fresh product risking food safety. One of the prime reasons for listeriosis outbreaks is inadequate hygiene standards and insufficient implementation of standard sanitation operating procedures in the food manufacturing industry. monocytogenes were also recorded, in an instance after detecting this bacterium in urine samples. Patients with chronic renal failure and cirrhosis, as well as those on drugs to reduce gastric acidity, are at greater risk of listeriosis. Invasive listeriosis is responsible for meningitis in immunocompromised people and miscarriage in pregnant women. Listeric infections are often associated with gastrointestinal (GI) listeriosis (non-invasive) in immunocompetent persons or listeriosis (invasive) in immune-compromised individuals. Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic facultative, intracytosolic, gram-positive bacterium for humans and several animal species which is responsible for the infection-listeriosis. Keywords: hypothetical protein, in silico characterization, Listeria monocytogenes, PemK/MazF-like toxin, three-dimensional structure, type II toxin-antitoxin system Our aim to annotate the HP Imo088 found in Listeria could offer a chance to understand bacterial pathogenicity and identify a number of potential targets for drug development. Most pathogens that harbor TAS create a crucial risk to human health. The active site of the developed 3D structure was determined by the CASTp server. Following the YASARA energy minimization method, the target protein's 3D structure became more stable. Various quality evaluation tools, such as PROCHECK, ERRAT, Verify 3D, and QMEAN were used to validate the 3D structure. The Alpha Fold 2 Protein Structure Prediction Database was used to determine the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the HP using the template structure of a type II TAS PemK/MazF family toxin protein (DB ID_AFDB: A0A4B9HQB9) with 99.1% sequence identity. Through secondary structure analysis, we found the random coil to be the most frequent. Domain and motif analysis revealed that the target protein is a PemK/MazF-like toxin protein of the type II toxin-antitoxin system (TAS) which was consistent with BLASTp analysis. Various techniques, including CELLO, PSORTb, and SOSUIGramN, identified the candidate protein as cytoplasmic. ![]() In this study, a HP Imo0888 (NP_464414.1) from the Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e strain was annotated using several bioinformatics tools. ![]() ![]() The functions of hypothetical proteins (HP) from various pathogenic bacteria have been successfully annotated using a variety of bioinformatics strategies. The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne intracellular pathogen that is widespread in the environment. ![]()
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